The scientists captured the two electrons and made them make contact using a silicon device.
Physicists at Princeton University have paved the way for the use of silicon technology in quantum computing. In particular, in the form of quantum bits – the basic units of quantum computers. This is stated on the Phys.org site.
The study is said to accelerate the use of silicon technology as a viable alternative to other quantum computing technologies such as superconductors or trapped ions.
Scientists have used a two -qubit silicon quantum device to achieve an unprecedented level of accuracy – more than 99%.
It is emphasized that this is the highest accuracy achieved to date for a two-qubit gate in a semiconductor, which equates to the best results achieved by competing technologies.
“Silicon spin qubits are gaining momentum. It looks like a big year for silicon in general,” said Adam Mills, a physics graduate student at Princeton University and lead author of the study.
Using a silicon device, the scientists captured the two electrons and forced them into contact.
“The spin state of each electron can be used as a qubit, and the interaction between electrons can involve those qubits. This operation is essential for quantum computing, and a research team led by Jason Petta , Eugene Higgins Professor of Physics at Princeton, has performed this operation of contradiction with an accuracy level of more than 99.8%.- said in the article.
As you know, a qubit is a quantum version of a computer bit, which is the smallest unit of data in a computer. It encodes information that can take a value of either one or zero. But, unlike a bit, a qubit can use the concepts of quantum mechanics to perform tasks that classical bits cannot do.
“In a qubit, you can encode zeros and ones, but you can also have a superposition of zeros and ones. This means that each qubit can be both zero and one at the same time. This concept , called superposition, is a fundamental property of quantum mechanics and allows qubits to perform operations, which seem surprising and out of the world.From a practical point of view, it provides a quantum computer of greater advantage than conventional computers, for example, in factoring very large numbers or choosing the optimal solution to a problem, ”Mills added.
It was also noticed that the “spin” in spin qubits is the angular momentum of an electron and a quantum property that presents itself as a small magnetic dipole that can be used to encode information. It is likened to a compass needle with north and south poles and rotating in accordance with the earth’s magnetic field.
“From the point of view of quantum mechanics, the spin of an electron can be oriented in the magnetic field created in the laboratory (spin up), or be antiparallel to the field (spin down), or in a quantum superposition of spin and spin. Spin is an electron property used in silicon-based quantum devices; conventional computers, in contrast, work by controlling the negative charge of an electron, “said the scientist.
In general, silicon spin qubits have advantages over other types of qubits, he said.
“The idea is that each system should be sized in multiple qubits. And right now, other qubit systems have real physical limitations in scalability. Size can be a real issue for these systems. .There’s not much room for you to cram these things. ” Mills explained.
He stressed that silicon spin qubits are made up of individual electrons and are very small.
“Our devices are about 100 nanometers wide, while a typical superconducting qubit is approximately 300 microns, so if you want to do a lot on one chip, you’ll have a hard time using the superconducting approach,” the researchers added. .
To perform the experiment, they first need to capture an electron.
“We capture an electron, a very small particle, and we have to transmit it to a specific region of space, and then make it dance,” the experts said.
Above, the scientists placed tiny electrodes that create an electrostatic potential to hold the electron. Two such cells connected together and separated by a barrier or gate form a double quantum dot.
“We have two spins located at adjacent sites next to each other. By adjusting the voltage across these gates, we can momentarily push the electrons together and make them interact. This is called a two-qubit gate.The interaction causes each spin qubit to evolve according to the state of its neighboring spin qubits here, leading to the encounter with quantum systems.We have made this interaction of two qubits that with an accuracy of over 99 percent. So far, this is the highest accuracy for a two-qubit gate that has so far been achieved with spin qubits, “Mills said.
This is the first demonstration of a semiconductor system of spin qubits.
Recall that earlier the Japanese technology company Fujitsu announced the opening of global access to a powerful supercomputer.
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Source: korrespondent
