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Four gold coins found in Transylvania (Romania) testify to the existence of a new and almost unknown Roman emperor, sponsorshiparound 260 AD, who ruled over the then Roman province of Dacia, according to a study published this Wednesday.
The artworks, located in the Hunterian Art Gallery in Glasgow, Scotland, were found in 1713 in the region of Transylvania and were considered fakes by experts until now, when a collaboration between the universities of Glasgow and the College of London allegedly proved their authenticity.
“They engraved the title ‘Imp’, from Imperato, which means supreme commander reserved for emperors only. He wears a crown, which is part of the imperial symbols, and has a Roman name…” Prof. Paul Pearson, head of the investigation, tells EFE.
Along with this, well-known emperors such as Gordian III (238–244) and Philip the Arab (244–249) were represented in this find, “all of them from the third century,” Pearson says.
Its surfaces are “covered with scratches, apparently natural marks, and deposited dirt and sediment”, according to an academic at the University of London College, leading them to conclude that “either they are a very sophisticated forgery or they are genuine”. .
For this reason, they were subjected to imaging and spectroscopic analysis to closely observe these patterns, the deposition of materials, and the ground attached to the coins, in order to compare them with others used during Roman times.
Along the sedimentary paths
According to Pearson, under the close supervision of the Glasgow Art History Study Group and the London Department of Geosciences, “all the elements of the earth” were found in “deposits, sediments and remains” attached to them.
“Most incredible” as evidence, according to the scientist, was the discovery of the mineral silica, which provides the foundation and compaction of the earth with “the same appearance as coins that have actually been buried.”
When analyzed, their wear also shows “scratches of all lengths and sizes in a very significant way,” explains the professor, “in the same way as on real coins, which indicates that they were in circulation.”
The province of Dacia, coveted for its large gold mines, “was the most difficult for the Romans to conquer, the last to conquer, and the first to refuse,” Pearson explains.
Historical sources, he argues, show a contradiction: Dacia was “insufficiently supplied” and “lost to Rome in the time of Emperor Galliano (260-268 AD)”, and the population “in orderly deserted it to the south, near the Danube” during during the reign of Aurelian (270-275 AD).
Isolated and self sufficient
The hypothesis that would eliminate the controversy of that decade is that “the population took care of its own protection and lost touch with Rome, which established its own regime,” Pearson suggests.
This would explain how these coins were handmade “because there was no official mint” and for this reason they were considered fake for a long time, defends the head of the investigation.
Its circulation throughout the region and over a long period of time will depend on its remoteness from the rest of the empire and its self-sufficiency, as well as being cornered by various peoples such as the Goths, the East or the Carpi. , in the Carpathians, says the professor.
What would happen to all the coins that were in circulation? According to the researchers, “they would have been withdrawn, since they were not official at that time (…) and, perhaps, were melted down at that time (270 AD)”, for this reason “they would have been so rare,” says the academician.
This is the hypothesis embodied in a more than 200-page study entitled “Authentication of the Coins of the ‘Roman Emperor'”. sponsorship”, which is now amenable to the circulation of historians and specialists.
Thus, Pearson concludes, “if sponsorship existed, and our hypothesis is correct, he must have been an important local commander who was not going to fight for the Roman Empire and take care of the people of Dacia “with the title of emperor, as the coins testify.
(As reported by EFE)
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