homosexuality in the world, between the death penalty and a gay wedding

Homosexuality, the forthcoming decriminalization of which Singapore announced this Sunday, continues to be suppressed or even punishable by death in many countries while being fully accepted in others.

According to a report published in 2020 by the International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association, same-sex relationships are illegal in 69 of 193 countries, and can be punishable by death in 11. the punishment is death.

Currently same-sex marriage is legal in 32 countries.

Europe, pioneer

All European countries have decriminalized homosexuality.

In 2001, the Netherlands became the first country in the world to legalize gay wedding. Other European countries followed suit: Belgium, Spain, Norway, Sweden, Portugal, Iceland, Denmark, France, United Kingdom, Luxembourg, Ireland, Finland, Malta, Germany, Austria, and most recently (July 2022) Switzerland and Slovenia.

States such as Hungary, the Czech Republic, Austria, Croatia, Cyprus, Switzerland, Italy, Greece and Estonia recognize civil unions.

Most of the countries in Eastern Europe (Lithuania, Latvia, Poland, Slovakia, Romania or Bulgaria) do not allow unions or marriages.

In Russia homosexuality until 1993 it was considered a crime, and until 1999 it was considered a mental illness. Since 2013, the law has punished any acts of homosexual “propaganda” against minors with fines and imprisonment.

In Hungary, talking about homosexuality in front of minors can also be fined from summer 2021.

In the West, several countries allow joint adoption by same-sex couples in marriage or civil union, including the Netherlands (since 2001), Denmark, Sweden, Spain, Belgium, France, the UK, Germany, Finland, Slovenia, and Switzerland. among others.

Medical delivery is allowed for lesbian couples in twelve European countries: Belgium, the Netherlands, the UK, Spain, Austria, France, Ireland and the Nordic countries.

Most European countries prohibit surrogacy. The use of surrogacy is permitted, provided it is not paid, in Belgium, the Netherlands or the UK.

Promotion in America

Canada legalized same-sex marriage and allowed adoption, artificial insemination and surrogacy.

In the United States, in 2015, the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide.

AT Latin America, several countries allow this type of union: Argentina (since 2010), Uruguay, Colombia, Brazil, Ecuador, Costa Rica and Chile. They are also legal in 26 Mexican states and Mexico City.

Cuba will hold a referendum in September on a new family code that could lead to the legalization of same-sex marriage.

Crime in Africa

On the African continent, homosexuality is banned in about thirty countries. The exception is South Africa: legalized here gay wedding in 2006. Adoption, artificial insemination (PMA) and surrogacy are allowed.

Same-sex relationships are punishable by death in Sudan, Somalia and Mauritania. Only a few countries (Cabo Verde, Gabon, Côte d’Ivoire, Mali, Mozambique, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Angola, Madagascar, Rwanda, Seychelles and Botswana) have decriminalized them.

Repression in the Middle East

AT middle Asia, Israel legalized adoption for homosexual couples. In July 2021, the Supreme Court also authorized surrogacy for these couples. Same-sex marriages are not permitted, but are recognized when performed abroad.

Lebanon is also more tolerant than other Arab countries where homosexuals are theoretically subject to the death penalty, such as Saudi Arabia or the United Arab Emirates.

Evolution in Asia

India decriminalized homosexuality in 2018 and Taiwan was a pioneer on the continent legalizing same-sex marriage in 2019.

In Thailand, parliament paved the way for same-sex unions in June by approving the text on first reading.

Oceania

New Zealand legalized same-sex marriage and adoption in 2013, and Australia in 2017.