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Marine predators have expanded their ranges in Arctic waters over the past twenty years, driven by climate change and the associated increase in productivity.
The seas surrounding Arctic they are important fishing and ecological regions; They are also among the areas most affected by changing of the climate. The impact of warming waters and the loss of sea ice on the biodiversity of these waters, and therefore on their ecology, is not yet fully understood.
International team of researchers led by Dr. Irene D. Alabia at the Research Center Arctic at Hokkaido University studied regional and global changes Arctic by species richness, composition and possible associations of species. Their results, published in the journal Scientific Reports, show that recent changes in biodiversity have been driven by widespread poleward expansion of species ranges.
“We used data on the presence of 69 species of predators and mesopredators in eight districts Arctic between 2000 and 2019,” Alabiya explains. “We combined this information with climate and productivity data from the same period to map the distribution of habitats for specific species.”
The team calculated species richness, community composition, and species-pair overlaps over a twenty-year study period in each of the eight Arctic regions. They were able to infer potential species associations and their changes based on co-occurrence data.
whales and sharks
Their most important finding was that species richness (the number of different species present in the study regions) increased over the study period, driven by northward migration of top predators such as whales, sharks and sharks, seabirds.
Mesopredators such as fish and crabs have shown a relatively limited degree of northward migration confined to the shallow seas of the Pacific and Atlantic continental shelves. Although the spatial extent varies, this northward expansion has been driven by changes in climate, productivity, or both.
These climate-driven changes in biodiversity have in turn led to changes in potential species associations due to the overlap of taxa habitats of different marine communities during unprecedented periods of temperature and sea ice changes.
“Our findings showed that changes in climate and species richness in Arctic vary across major sea areas and highlight potential climate regions and productivity hotspots, as well as new areas of species growth,” Alabia concluded.
“This information is relevant to strengthen conservation and management efforts for the sustainable use of resources in the face of ever-increasing impacts changing of the climate in that Arctic”, he added.
(According to Europa Press)
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Source: RPP
I’m a passionate and motivated journalist with a focus on world news. My experience spans across various media outlets, including Buna Times where I serve as an author. Over the years, I have become well-versed in researching and reporting on global topics, ranging from international politics to current events.