Scientists have discovered the origin of Fermi bubbles in the center of the Milky Way

Large emitting bubbles gamma radiation around the city center Via dairy products they were caused by fast winds blowing outward and the “reverse thrust” associated with it.

This was proven by a scientist Tokyo Metropolitan University in numerical simulations that successfully reproduced the temperature profile observed with an X-ray telescope. The conclusion is published in Royal Astronomical Society Monthly Notices. These streams have also been observed in other galaxies; this discovery suggests that similar winds may have blown in our galaxy until recently.

invisible structures

The universe is full of massive celestial objects that have yet to be explained. Among them “Fermi bubbles”, so named because they were first discovered by a space telescope gamma radiation Fermi in 2010. These bubbles are huge radiating areas gamma radiation extends on both sides of the center Milky Way about 50,000 light-years, protruding from the plane of the galaxy in the form of balloons, as shown in the figure above. Despite their staggering scale, the mechanism of their formation has yet to be deciphered.

Now Professor Yutaka Fujita has presented theoretical evidence demonstrating how these objects could have formed. Since its discovery, many hypotheses have been put forward about the formationBubbles Fermi, including the explosive activity of the central supermassive black hole, winds from the black hole, and constant star formation activity. Distinguishing these scenarios is challenging, but the availability of state-of-the-art X-ray observations from the Suzaku satellite makes it possible to compare measurements with what astronomers expect from different scenarios.

Professor Fujita’s simulations took into account the fast currents of wind from the black hole, which inject the necessary energy into the gas surrounding the center of the galaxy. By comparing them with measured profiles, they found a high probability that Bubbles Fermi They were produced by fast currents of winds that blow at 1,000 km per second for 10 million years. These are not winds like those we feel on Earth, but streams of highly charged particles that move at high speed and spread through space.

These winds propagate outward and interact with the surrounding halo gas, causing a kickback that creates a characteristic temperature spike. Bubbles Fermi correspond to the volume located inside this front of the backward shock wave. Importantly, the simulations also showed that the instantaneous explosion at the center could not reproduce the profiles measured by the telescope, lending weight to the scenario based on the steady winds generated by the central black hole.

The author notes that the winds predicted by the simulation are similar to the outflows observed in other galaxies. The correspondence suggests that the same types of mass flows that were observed in other parts of the universe were present in our galaxy until recently. (Europe Press)

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